The Cyber Kill Chain is a cybersecurity framework developed by Lockheed Martin that breaks down the stages of a cyberattack. By mapping out how attackers operate, it helps organisations understand, detect, and disrupt threats at each stage of the attack lifecycle.
Think of it AS a roadmap for cybercrime, and a guide for how to stop it.
The 7 Stages of the Cyber Kill Chain
The framework outlines the steps adversaries typically follow when launching an attack:
- Reconnaissance – Attackers gather intelligence on the target, looking for weaknesses such AS exposed systems, user accounts, or unpatched software.
- Weaponisation – A malicious payload (e.g. malware or ransomware) is created to exploit identified vulnerabilities.
- Delivery – The payload is transmitted to the target, often through phishing emails, malicious links, or infected USB devices.
- Exploitation – The malware is triggered, taking advantage of a vulnerability to gain unauthorised access.
- Installation – Malicious software is installed to establish persistence inside the network.
- Command and Control (C2) – The compromised system connects to an attacker-controlled server, enabling remote control.
- Actions on Objectives – The attacker achieves their end goal, such AS stealing sensitive data, encrypting systems, or disrupting operations.
Why the Cyber Kill Chain Matters
Understanding the Cyber Kill Chain gives defenders the advantage of spotting and stopping attacks before they succeed. It helps organisations:
- Improve detection – Spot suspicious activity early in the attack lifecycle.
- Enhance response – Apply countermeasures at multiple points, limiting damage.
- Strengthen defence – Identify gaps in current security posture and improve resilience.
- Standardise communication – Use a common framework for analysing and discussing threats across teams.
How Businesses Can Use the Cyber Kill Chain
Security teams can map their defences to each stage of the kill chain to build layered protection. For example:
- Reconnaissance – Monitor for unusual scanning or probing activity.
- Delivery – Strengthen email security and train staff on phishing awareness.
- Exploitation – Keep systems patched and use endpoint protection tools.
- Command & Control – Block suspicious outbound connections with firewalls.
By disrupting the chain at any stage, organisations can stop an attack before it achieves its objectives.
Final Thoughts
The Cyber Kill Chain is more than just theory – it’s a practical framework for understanding how attackers think and operate. By mapping your defences against each stage, you can proactively detect, prevent, and disrupt threats before they cause serious damage.
👉 Want expert help building stronger defences? Call us on 0333 444 3455 or email sales@cnltd.co.uk to learn how our cybersecurity solutions can protect your business.
Further Reading
